The biology and energetics of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae, living in galls of the apple aphids dysaphis devecta and aphis pomimacrosiphum euphorbiae, living in galls of the apple aphids dysaphis devecta and aphis pomi. Drought and heat waves associated with climate change. Evidence of multiplication of sowthistle yellow vein virus in an inefficient aphid vector, macrosiphum euphorbiae. Vegetable insect management with emphasis on the midwest, edited by. Mineral oil has been considered for several decades as an effective mean to control aphids and reduce the spread of nonpersistent viruses. Abiotic emphasis includes emphasis caused by environmental factors like air current, temperature, h2o etc. The body length of macrosiphum euphorbiae apterae is 2.
Several species of aphids can form colonies on young tomato leaflets at the propagation stage. Potato aphid definition of potato aphid by merriamwebster. Potato aphid is a highly variable species, and may eventually be shown to be a species complex. The biology and energetics of the potato aphid macrosiphum. Potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae biological services. Macrosiphum euphorbiae an overview sciencedirect topics. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the potato aphid, is a sapsucking pest insect in the family aphididae. Chapman, but as he died several years ago the latest version, with major rewrites, was edited by s. Manipulating the secondary symbionts of the potato aphid. Macrosiphum euphorbiae macseuoverview eppo global database.
Aphids are a common pest of plants that feed on plant sap, reducing crop yields and frequently transmitting plantpathogenic viruses. Other aphids observed on rubus include macrosiphum solanifolii macrosiphum euphorbiae macrosiphum euphorbiae subject category. Macrosiphum euphorbiae macseudocuments eppo global database. Aphididae was evaluated by measuring survival and fecundity during sleeve cage experiments and population growth on whole plants in a controlled environment. We tested the hypothesis that volatiles of the primary host, rosa rugosa, would attract the gynoparae, the parthenogenetic alate morph that produce oviparae, as well as the alate males. Siphunculi are long, flanged and not swollen, with a zone of regular polygonal reticulations covering the onetenth to one. Pdf biological parameters and thermal requirements of the. It is widespread across the united states and canada, and the species has spread from. Plants live in the environment where they have to constantly fight against several abiotic and biotic emphasiss to successfully turn and reproduce. This softbodied, pearshaped insect varies in color from solid pink to green and pink mottled to light green. This is your first entry to the taxa hierarchy display. A virus with a large genome was identified in the transcriptome of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae and was named macrosiphum euphorbiae virus 1 mev1.
Evidence of multiplication of sowthistle yellow vein virus in. Natural mortality factors acting on potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae populations in processingtomato fields in ohio. Plants develop assorted structural alterations to get the better of these emphasiss like thick cuticle, waxy covering. During the summer populations are made of parthenogenetic females. In late summer, heteroecious aphids, such as the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, move from their secondary summer host plants to primary host plants, where the sexual oviparae mate and lay diapausing eggs. There are no known positive effects of macrosiphum euphorbiae on humans economic importance for humans. It is a rather large aphid, almost 18 inch long, and has a pair of long, slender tailpipelike appendages known as cornicles. We predicted that if primary host plant volatiles were important in the location of overwintering sites, then both morphs would be more responsive to, and. Biokids kids inquiry of diverse species, macrosiphum. Confused by a class within a class or an order within an order. Relevance of the mi23 marker and the potato aphid biology as indicators of tomato.
Resistance to carbamate, organophosphate and pyrethroid and. Some species of aphid, known as woolly aphids eriosomatinae, excrete a fluffy wax coating for protection. Wingless adult females apterae are medium to large in size, being 1. Variability in the response of macrosiphum euphorbiae and. Insect pests sheets pest management aids number 1 through 11, university of maryland, 1986.
Plants have to constantly fight abiotic biotic stresses. Nymphs were reared in climatic chambers at temperatures of 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 1. Potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas hemiptera. The latter two were named macrosiphum euphorbiae virus 2 mev2 and. Resistance level of seven accessions of wild solanum species solanaceae to myzus persicae and macrosiphum euphorbiae homoptera. Macrosiphum euphorbiae infesting potatoes and tomatoes training programme the teaching staff in the department of biology and ecology are central to montpellier supagros training programmes and contribute significantly to the instruction provided at the engineering, master, vocational and continuing education levels. The origin of potato aphid is thought to be north america, though. This page was last edited on 14 september 2017, at 21.
Sequence analysis of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. The origin of potato aphid is thought to be north america, though it is now found widely around the. The potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas is a major pest of several economic crops in tunisia. In planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae effectors me10 and me23 enhances aphid fecundity january 20 molecular plantmicrobe interactions 261. In this study, we undertook studies to determine if volatiles from rosa rugosa, a primary host plant of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, are attractive to the gynoparae and males. These insects have a rather complicated life cycle, and the adults of some species change host in winter. Biological performance of myzus persicae and macrosiphum. In planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae effectors me10 and me23 enhances aphid fecundity. Mineral oil seems to reduce virus transmission efficiency interfering with the binding of the virions in the aphid stylets. Mechanisms of plant defense against aphids university of. Future work methods being used aims of the project background the project aims to determine the impact of secondary symbionts on the performance of m.
The survival was lowest on the solanum circaeifolium spp. Ang macrosiphum euphorbiae sakop sa kahenera nga macrosiphum sa kabanay nga aphididae. An macrosiphum euphorbiae in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni thomas hadton 1878. Macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas photo 393,myzus persicae sulzer photo 391,aphis gossypii glover photo 392, and aulacorthum solani kaltenbach. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the potato aphid, is native to north america. Reproduction and fertility life table of three aphid species. The dispersion and abundance of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas on tomato lycopersicon esculentum mill.
However, several studies have shown the possible disruption of host selection process by mineral oil and some works have. Mi is a dominant locus in tomato that confers resistance to both root knot nematodes, meloidogyne spp. These polyphagous insects belong to the hemiptera order, sternorrhyncha suborder, and aphidoidae superfamily. It has a variable body colour, usually being either a shade of yellowishgreen or pinkishred. Resistance to carbamate, organophosphate and pyrethroid and pyrethroid insecticides in the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. Reproduction in hawaii does not involve mating and egg laying. The clarified slide mounts below are of adult viviparous female macrosiphum euphorbiae. Apr 01, 2011 the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, and the green peach aphid, myzus persicae sulzer homoptera. Past studies have identified 18 species of aphids attacking tomato in openfield agriculture and greenhouses. The antennal tubercles are rather high, smooth, and divergent. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the potato aphid, is described as one of the most harmful aphid species in the world. The potato aphid occurs on many crops such as potato, rose, tomato, aubergine, chrysanthemum and lettuce. Pdf spatial and temporal genetic variation in tunisian. Insects free fulltext host plant volatiles and the.
The spring migration takes aphids from the overwintering hostplant rosa spp. Using 10 microsatellites, we analyzed five populations of m. Pdf the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas hemiptera. Pdf in planta expression or delivery of potato aphid. The wingless female potato aphid is green or occasionally pink, often with a darker dorsal stripe. The alate see third picture above has pale greenish to yellowbrown thoracic lobes, with only the antennae and siphunculi noticeably darker than in the apterae. Department of biology and ecology montpellier supagro france. The goal of this study was to investigate the breadth of mimediated aphid resistance. A novel luteovirus from sweet potato, sweet potato leaf speckling virus. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Espesye sa insekto nga una nga gihulagway ni thomas ni adtong 1878 ang macrosiphum euphorbiae. Development, survival, and fecundity of the potato aphid. A novel virus from macrosiphum euphorbiae with similarities. In planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Cultivation of crop varieties that are resistant to aphids is one of the most effective and environmentally sustainable approaches to aphid pest management. You can modify these specifications at any time by clicking the change items displayed button in the header. Development, survival, and fecundity of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, at constant temperatures1 volume 94 issue 6 c. Biology and management of myzus persicae sulzer on capsicum. The effect of temperature on the biology of praon volucre haliday, 1833 hymenoptera. The cabbage aphid, brevicoryne brassicae, sequesters secondary metabolites from its host, stores them and releases chemicals that produce a violent chemical reaction and strong mustard oil smell to repel predators. Aphidtransmitted potato viruses are the greatest constraint to successful production of seed potatoes this project seeks to advance the managment of aphids and aphidtransmitted potato viruses in potato production through research in host plant resistance and cultural control approaches based on applications of knowledge of aphid biology and ecolgy. Host plant volatiles and the sexual reproduction of the. Mar 31, 2014 macrosiphum euphorbiae is a highly polyphagous aphid species with a nearly worldwide distribution.
The life history and biology of the pink and green aphid macrosiphum solanifolii ashmead. Proceedings brighton crop protection conference pests and diseases, 2002. Potato aphid definition is a common aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae that occurs on the potato and many other plants as well as on some orchard trees and that usually overwinters on rosebushes. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Previous research studies conducted in commercial rose crops in the bogota plateau have shown the presence of aphids parasitized by wasps of the genus praon. It infests potatoes and a number of other commercially important crops. This aphid is globally distributed, located in all but the coldest terrestrial habitats. Resistance in lettuce to the leaf aphids macrosiphum euphorbiae and.
An macrosiphum euphorbiae in nahilalakip ha genus nga macrosiphum, ngan familia nga aphididae. The unusual biology of aphids makes them ideal models for the study of. Pdf parasitization of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae. Specialized host utilization of macrosiphum euphorbiae on a. Aphididae feed on hundreds of plant species across 20 taxonomic families throughout the world and the latter is believed to be more polyphagous than the former blackman and eastop 1984, cranshaw 1998, blackman and eastop 2007. Drought and heat waves associated with climate change affect performance of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae skip to. The mev1 genome is 22 780 nt in size, including 3 and 5 noncoding regions, with a single large orf encoding a putative polyprotein of 7333 aa. The present research studied the biology and reproductive cycle of praon sp. It feeds on many plant species and causes significant crop damage in potatoes, tomatoes, lettuce, and cabbage. Macrosiphum are large spindleshaped pink or green aphids, with long legs and antennae, the latter usually longer than the body.
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